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א וַיִּשְׁלַח יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן מִן הַשִּׁטִּים שְׁנַיִם אֲנָשִׁים מְרַגְּלִים חֶרֶשׁ לֵאמֹר לְכוּ רְאוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ ואֶת יְרִיחוֹ וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיָּבֹאוּ בֵּית אִשָּׁה זוֹנָה וּשְׁמָהּ רָחָב וַיִּשְׁכְּבוּ שָׁמָּה
Joshua son of Nun sent two men from Shitim
DISCUSSION
And they came to the house of a prostitute [zona]
Targum Yonatan translates zona as innkeeper. However, it appears that in those days an inn was not merely a place for lodging (see Radak; see also Rashi, 2:1, 11; Abravanel; Ibn Ezra, Joel 4:3). The decision of the spies to lodge in the house of a prostitute was both clever and effective. As foreigners, they realized that they would stand out, even in a commercial city such as Jericho. Even if they traveled in disguise and could speak the native language, they would likely have been accosted and interrogated regarding the intentions of their visit. They therefore chose to lodge in a prostitute’s house, where men would enter and exit quietly and discreetly, without anyone inquiring as to their identities, thereby remaining unnoticed. Moreover, a prostitute would know what was truly on people’s minds, her knowledge based not on official declarations and speeches of the king or his ministers but on the unbridled, authentic conversation of the city residents. Rahav could therefore faithfully and accurately speak of the mood of Jericho’s people. Despite its undignified nature, the house of a prostitute was the most suitable place for the fulfillment of the spies’ mission (see Malbim).
BACKGROUND
Shitim
Many researchers identify this with Khirbet-el-Kefrein, north of Wadi el-Kefrein, roughly 20 km east of Jericho. Others claim that it is Tel el-Hammam, east of Khirbet-el-Kefrein.
ב וַיֵּאָמַר לְמֶלֶךְ יְרִיחוֹ לֵאמֹר הִנֵּה אֲנָשִׁים בָּאוּ הֵנָּה הַלַּיְלָה מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לַחְפֹּר אֶת הָאָרֶץ
It was said to the king of Jericho, saying: Behold, men came here tonight from the children of Israel to spy the land. Perhaps the spies tried to dress like the locals, but even so they were recognized as foreigners. Since Jericho was not a large city, they were soon spotted, and it was even known where they were lodging.
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